Gold bullion is one of the most reliable savings and investment tools, combining security with long-term value stability. With diverse options and daily price fluctuations, the world of bullion may seem complex to some.

This guide will help you understand the factors that influence bullion prices, how to choose the right type and weight, and identify the most popular brands traded in Saudi Arabia. It also explains how to verify the authenticity of a bar. Whether you are a beginner investor or looking to strengthen your gold portfolio, you will find here everything you need to make confident and well-informed decisions.

What Is Gold Bullion?

Gold bullion refers to rectangular or square bars made of pure gold, primarily used for investment or savings purposes. Unlike ornamental gold, bullion is distinguished by its purity, often at 24 karats, which makes it soft and unsuitable for daily wear.

Types of Gold Bullion

Gold bullion types differ based on their manufacturing method. There are two main processes: casting or minting. Bullion can also be produced in different purities (24K, 22K, 21K, 18K) depending on the percentage of raw gold in the piece. Additionally, bullion comes in rectangular or circular shapes, with weights ranging from 1g to 12.4kg. They can be classified as follows:

Bullion by manufacturing method
Bullion by karat and purity
Bullion by shape
Bullion by weight

1. Gold Bullion by Manufacturing Method

Gold bullion is produced either by direct casting into metal molds or by pressing the metal into a specific shape using precision machines.

Cast Gold Bars: Cast bullion is made by pouring molten gold into special molds, where it solidifies and takes the mold’s shape.

Manufacturing steps:
- Melting raw gold at high temperature
- Refining impurities
- Pouring into molds of a specific size and shape
- Cooling until solidified
- Finishing by trimming excess and smoothing the surface
Features:
- Lower production cost
- Available in larger sizes (1g up to 1kg and beyond)
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